Alexander Pfänder's classical phenomenological logic, a masterwork of unmatched clarity, is presented here for the first time in English. The book unfolds the general essence of logic, its object, not acts of thinking but objective "thoughts", meanings and higher unities formed by them: the nature and kinds (1) of judgments (propositions) and their truth and truth claims, (2) of concepts, and (3) of inferences; (4) the first foundational principles of logic (the principles of identity, contradiction, excluded middle, and sufficient reason) and of valid inferences, their foundation in ontological principles, as well as the valid forms of reasoning recognized in traditional logic and the reasons of their validity. Being a new phenomenological exposition of traditional logic, it reduces the symbolic language used to a minimum in order to concentrate on the logical meanings and laws themselves for which these symbols are signs.
Alexander Pfänder ( 7. February 1870; ? 18. March 1941); realist phenomenologist. Student of Theodor Lipps in Munich, where he taught from 1901 on, from 1930 to 1935 as Full Professor. Publ.; Phänomenologie des Wollens/Phenomenology of Willing, 1900; Introduction to Psychology, 1904; "Zur Psychologie der Gesinnungen"/"On the Psychology of Intentions" (1913; 1916); Logik/Logic 1921; Die Seele des Menschen/The Soul of Man, 1933.
